PHYSICS - WHO FOUND IT FIRST
By Vijaya Khanduri
Scientists propounded many path breaking ideas that has lead Physics wfere it is today. Who were the first to propound these ideas?
1. Who, among the following ancient philosophers, conjectured that if the moon did not move, it would fall upon the earth?
Aristotle
Socrates
Anaxagqras
Heraditus
2. 'Sun is the central body around which the earth and other planets revolve.' Who propounded this idea?
Johannes Kepler
Nicolaus Copernicus
Tycho Brake
Epicurus
3. Who said, 'A bird is an instrument working according to the mathematical laws'?
Leonardo da Vinci
Pythagoras
Euclid
Rene' Descartes
4. Which Greek philosopher formulated the idea, ' A body when immersed in a fluid displaces a weight of the fluid equal to its own volume'?
Aristarchus
Antisthenes
Apolbnius
Archimedes
5. Who was the first to suggest, 'A planet moves most quickly when it is closest to the sun, but slows down as it moves farther away'?
Galileo Galilei
Edwin Hubble
6. 'Regular strokes of the pendulum could be utilized in the accurate measurement of time.' Who was the first to advance this idea?
Evangelista Torricelli
John Wallis
Christiaan Huygens
7. Who said, 'All falling bodies, irrespective of the size, descend at the same speed'?
Sir Isaac Newton
Blaise Pascal
8. Who formulated this idea, 'Every particle in the universe attracts every other with a force that gets stronger with mass and weaker with distance'?
Charles Augustin de Coulomb
Henry Cavendish
Isaac Newton
Guillaume Amontous
9. 'To believe the earth as the only populated world in infinite space is as senseless as to assert that on an extensive plane only one stalk of grain will grow.' Who contemplated this idea?
Metrodoros of Chios
Eudoxus of Cnidus
Pappus of Alexandria
Regiomontanus
10. Which Austrian physicist developed the philosophy that all knowledge is simply sensation?
Rudolf Claussius
Ernest Mach
Joseph Stefan
Gustaf Kirchoff
11. Who contemplated for the first time the idea, 'A freely floating magnet orients itself in the north-south direction''?
William Gilbert
Edmund Gunter
Hans Christian Oersted
Robert Norman
12. 'A pivoted magnetic needle placed parallel to a wire carrying an electric current oscillaties. Who among the following was the first to think about it.
Andri Marie Ampere
Georg Simon Ohm
Michael Faraday
13. Of the following physicists, who was the first to give the idea, 'Each pure substance has its own characteristic spectrum'?
Gustav Kirchhoff
William Hyde Wolkston
Joseph von Fraunhofer
Robert Bunsen
14. Who gave this idea for the first time, 'Electricity flows through space from a heated metal'?
Lee De Forest
John Ambrose Fleming
Thomas Alva Edison
Owen Richardson
15. Who, among the following, was the first to think, 'The period of oscillation of a pendulum is independent of its amplitude'?
Giordano Bruno
Johann Lambert
Brook Taylor
16. Who, among the following physicists, gave the idea, 'The light in proceeding from point to point travels along the route which minimizes the time required'?
Gottfried Leibnitz
Christian Johann Doppter
Konrad Lorentz
Pierre de Fermat
17. Of the following physicists, who formulated the concept, 'An increasing magnetic field creates an electric field, which grows and by its changing, generates a second magnetic field, which helps the first to crumble.
Heinrich Hertz
James Clerk Maxwell
Guglklmo Marconi
18. 'If the radiation could be increased, developed, and controlled, it would be possible to signal across space for considerable distances.' Who was the first to suggest this idea?
Alexander Graham Bell
Lee de Forest
Guglielmo Marconi
19. Who was the modern physicist to theorize, 'An orbiting electron emits light when its orbit shrinks'?
Ernest Rutherford
Victor de Broglie
Niels Bohr
20. 'Moving particles have wave characteristics' was the idea first proposed by
Erwin Shroedinger
Arnold Sommerfeld
Max Born
21. Who suggested that light is made up of packets of energy known as photons?
Albert Einstein
Max Planck
P.A.M. Dirac
Hermann Helmholtz
22. 'Electrons revolve round the nucleus in well-defined orbits, like planets revolve round the sun' was the brainchild of
Nieb Bohr
23. Who was the first to suggest this idea, ' Radiant energy can be emitted and absorbed by atoms only in discrete amount, called 'quanta'?
Jules Henry Poincart
24. Name the physicist who formulated, 'It is impossible to measure precisely the position and the velocity of an object simultaneously'?
P.A.M. Dime
Karl Werner Heisenberg
25. Rejecting the orbiting-electron idea and introducing the concept of 'cloud' of probability and quantum theory was the brainchild of
S.N. Bose
Enrico Fermi
26. 'Speed of light is the same no matter how it is measured' was first contemplated by
Armand Fizeau
Jean Foucault
A.A. Michelson
27. Who was the first to propose this idea: A force that deflects alpha particles as much as 180" must be electrical in nature and can be generated only if all the mass of the atom is concentrated in a minute central core, called the nucleus?
JJ. Thomson
Henry Moseley
28. Who, among the following, was first to suggest that matter and energy are interchangeable?
George Francis Fitzgerald
Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann
Auguste Lumiere
29. The idea that 'a moving rod contracts in the direction of its motion' was first formulated by
Hendrick Antoon Lorentz
Lorentz and Fitzgerald independently
30. 'Matter directs the space-time how to curve, and curved space-time directs matter how to behave. This was the central idea behind
the special theory of relativity
the general theory of relativity
the big bang cosmology
the horentz-Fitzgerald contraction
31. 'No two electrons in an atom have all the four quantum numbers the same' is the concept behind the
exclusion principle
uncertainty principle
principle of mass-energy equivalence
principle of coincidence
32. The concept of atomic number was first proposed by
Frederick Soddy
Sir James Chadunck
Ludtvig Prandtl
33. 'A symmetry between matter and antimatter is fundamental to cosmology, and hence if there is a galaxy, the anti-galaxy also exists/ This was the chief idea behind
the Alfvtn-Klein cosmology
the Hubble expansion
the Big Bang theory
the presence of black holes in the universe
34. Who commented, 'There is no escape from the conclusion that we are dealing with particles that are far far lighter than atoms'?
E. Rutherford after discovering the nucleus
H. Becquerel after discovering the radioactivity
Thomson after discovering the electron
Einstein after proposing the concept of photons
35. Who, in 1829, was the first scientist to suggest that the spectral line should be used as a standard of length?
Etienne-Louis Malus
Jacques Babinet
Thomas Young
Gustave Caspard Coriolis
36. Who, among the following, formulated the idea: 'The farther away a galaxy is, the faster it is moving.'
L Humason
Henrietta Levitt
Allan Sandge
37. "The source of sound moves towards the observer, the wavelength is compressed to a smaller length. If the source is moving away from the observer the wavelength is stretched.' This idea was put forward for the first time by
Nicolas Appert
Gottlieb Daimler
Christian Johann Doppler
38. Glashow and Bjorken in 1964 thought about the symmetry between quarks and leptons and proposed a fourth quark. The idea was so charming that they called the new quark
charm
strange
beauty
truth
39. His name is Wilhelm Carl Werner Otto Fritz Franz Wien and he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1911. He formulated the idea that
the total amount of energy of all wavelengths emitted by a black body varies with temperature
the wavelength of radiation emitted from black bodies varies with temperature
the intensity of radiation emitted from a black body varies with temperature
the product of frequency and temperature of the radiation emitted by a black body is constant.
40. Who conceived this basic fact: 'Physical conditions remaining unaltered, the electric current in a conductor is proportional to the potential difference between its ends'?
Gustav Robert Kirchhoff
Carey Foster
Andrt Marie Ampere